Red Light Therapy (RLT) is also called

low-level laser therapy (LLLT),

low-power laser therapy (LPLT),

and most recently photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy.

​

In Photobiomodulation (PBM), the primary target (chromophore) for the process is the cytochrome c complex which is found in the inner membrane of the cell mitochondria.  Cytochrome c is a vital component of the electron transport chain that drives cellular metabolism.  As light is absorbed, cytochrome c is stimulated, leading to increased production of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), the molecule that facilitates energy transfer within the cell.  

Light stimulation also produces free nitric oxide signaling which drives vasodilation

which improves microcirculation in the damaged tissue,

delivering oxygen, vital sugars, proteins and salts while removing wastes.